WebMagick

Image Web Generator

December 2001 (Version 2.02)

Copyright © 1997-2001 Bob Friesenhahn (bfriesen@simple.dallas.tx.us)

This work may be used for any purpose, public or private, provided that this work or derivations thereof are attributed to its original authors.

 — The Detailed Node Listing —

General

Sub-Directory Processing

Forcing Output To Be Generated

Paths

URL Computation

File Names

Server-Side Imagemaps

Thumbnail Caching

Montage Options

Montage Geometry

Montage Image Format

Montage Colors

Thumbnail Imaging

Thumbnail Label Options

Thumbnail Processing Hooks

HTML Options

HTML Content

Per-Image HTML

Text Colors

HTML Link Colors

Frame Options

HTML Meta Tags

Installing WebMagick

1 Introduction

WebMagick creates HTML index files and imagemaps corresponding to a directory of image files. WebMagick is ideal for making large image collections available on the net or for just using your Web browser for browsing images.

Configuration options are derived from either the command line (options prefixed with ‘-’, ‘--’, or ‘+’), configuration file ($opt_ options), or internal defaults ($opt_ options). Some arguments (like X11 font specifications) seem to confuse PERL’s getopt function. When this happens, try using the syntax --option=arg to avoid any confusion caused by a space.

The default configuration file name is ‘.webmagickrc’. Configuration files are written in PERL syntax and are sourced via PERL’s eval statement. When WebMagick is executed, it first reads files listed in the @global_option_files array (‘/etc/webmagickrc’ and ‘$HOME/.webmagickrc’ by default). When a directory is processed, WebMagick will process any ‘.webmagickrc’ files found in the path from the server’s root directory (specified by $opt_rootpath ()) to the directory being processed. All configuration options are additive.

Evaluation order (inverse of precedence) is as follows :

1. Files listed in @global_option_files

   (default ‘/etc/webmagickrc’ and ‘$HOME/.webmagickrc’)

2. Command line options
3. Per directory ‘.webmagickrc’ files.

   Webmagickrc files are evaluated in path order from server root to current directory. This allows sub-directories to "inherit" the configuration of parent directories.

Each directory is processed with items 1 & 2 already complete.

In general, WebMagick’s defaults produce nice output. However, the options $opt_prefixpath (), $opt_rootpath (), $opt_iconpath (), $opt_htimage (), and $opt_maptype () must be configured on a per-site basis so please read the documentation on these options and perform the required configuration before executing the program.

A key configuration/installation issue is that WebMagick depends on the image files being on the same filesystem as the icons. The reason for this limitation is that this allows WebMagick to determine the mapping between the physical disk and the server’s URLs. If someone knows a better algorithm than this one, please let the author know.

By default the output files of WebMagick for the first page are as follows (second page replaces ’1’ with ’2’, etc.):

index.html

Main (default server index) HTML index file.

indexjs.html

Javascript master index file (name currently hard-coded).

.cache

Thumbnail cache directory.

.indexdir.html

HTML page that displays directory frame.

.indexjs.html

HTML file to load JavaScript source into browser.

.index.pl

WebMagick status file (in PERL format). Re-generated per run. May be used by other programs to produce additional HTML output.

.index.js

JavaScript variables file (similar to status file but in JavaScript).

.index1.html

HTML page that displays thumbnail frame.

.index1.gif

Montaged images (thumbnails) in GIF format.

.index1.jpg

Montaged images (thumbnails) in JPEG format.

.index1.map

Server-side imagemap (clickable map) file.

2 General

2.1 Display Help

Variable:

$opt_help=1

Argument:

--help

Display usage message.

2.2 Specify Source Directory

Variable:

$opt_srcdir=path

Argument:

--srcdir path

Image directory to process or start recursion at (default current directory). Specify this option (usually on the command line) if the directory you want to process is not the current directory. This simply causes WebMagick to change directories before starting processing.

2.3 Enable Verbose Output

Variable:

$opt_verbose=1

Argument:

--verbose

Normally WebMagick prints only the directory names for directories it processes. Selecting the verbose option displays the number of images and sub-directories in the directory as well as the number of pages to be generated, and the current page number. It will also show the current image index WebMagick is currently creating as a progress report.

2.4 Enable Debug Output

Variable:

$opt_debug=1

Argument:

--debug

Print debugging messages.

2.5 Sub-Directory Processing

2.5.1 Recurse Sub-Directories

Variable:

$opt_recurse=1

Argument:

--recurse

Recurse directory tree (default off). The default is to only process the current directory, generating appropriate links for sub-directories and the parent directory. Selecting this option causes WebMagick to recurse through sub-directories as well.

2.5.2 Prune Directory

Variable:

$opt_prune=1

If $opt_prune is set in a directory’s ‘.webmagickrc’ file (default off), then sub-directories below that directory will not be processed by WebMagick when operating in the recursive mode. , for details on how to skip a directory rather than prune it.

2.5.3 Ignore Directory

Variable:

$opt_ignore=1

If $opt_ignore is set in a directory’s ‘.webmagickrc’ file (default off), then that directory will not be processed (but will still be linked to). If recursion is enabled, then recursion will continue into any sub-directories. This provides support for subdirectories with HTML files which are generated by other means. also $opt_indexname.

2.5.4 Ignore FrontPage

Variable:

$opt_ignorefp=1

Argument:

--ignorefp

If $opt_ignorefp is used, sub-directories with names like ‘_vti_bin’ will be ignored. MS FrontPage creates these directories which begin with an underscore followed by a lowercased letter (_[a-z]).

2.6 Forcing Output To Be Generated

WebMagick uses algorithms similar in concept to those used by make to try to only do required processing. Occasionally due to modification of a parameter that WebMagick doesn’t track or due to external modification of file modification times, WebMagick will skip doing an update that it should have done. In these cases, options are provided to force WebMagick to perform a task.

2.6.1 Force Generation Of Thumbnail Cache

Variable:

$opt_forcecache=1

Argument:

--forcecache

Force cache files to be generated (default off). Without this option, WebMagick will only re-generate cache files if the source file is newer. In order for this option to take effect, a montage must be generated and $opt_cache must be set to a non-zero value. The ‘--forcemontage’ option should be used to force montages.

2.6.2 Force Generation Of HTML Files

Variable:

$opt_forcehtml=1

Argument:

--forcehtml

Force HTML files to be generated (default off). Without this option, WebMagick will only re-generate HTML files as required.

2.6.3 Force Generation Of Montage

Variable:

$opt_forcemontage=1

Argument:

--forcemontage

Force montage (default false). Without this option, WebMagick will only re-generate montages as required.

3 Paths

3.1 URL Computation

3.1.1 Specify Server Root Path

Variable:

$opt_rootpath=path

Argument:

--rootpath path

Absolute path to server root directory (NCSA/Apache DocumentRoot) or the users Home page directory. This must be an absolute path (starting with ‘/’) to the top of the WWW directory tree WebMagick will be processing in. If this value is specified incorrectly, WebMagick will generate incorrect URLs.

3.1.2 Specifying Root Prefix

Variable:

$opt_prefixpath=path

Argument:

--prefixpath path

The prefix to prepend to all URLs to specify the WWW location of $opt_rootpath (). For directories under the WWW server’s root directory (‘/’) this is a empty string (""). For a user’s personal pages this is the URL path to their home pages (usually ‘/~username’ equating to ‘~/public_html’, but may be configured differently on your server).

If a relative URL can be computed then this option is not actually used. It however must be used if the WebMagick icon images are not in the same logical WWW directory tree as the directories WebMagick is processing. (See the next option).

3.1.3 Specifying WebMagick Icon Location

Variable:

$opt_iconpath=path

Argument:

--iconpath path

This is the relative path from the top of the WWW directory tree specified in $opt_rootpath (). If this value is specified incorrectly then WebMagick will generate incorrect URLs for its icons.

4 File Names

4.1 Specifying Icon File Names

Variable:

%opt_icons=( 'id', 'filename', …

This is a hash table of all the images used directly by WebMagick and located in the $opt_iconpath () directory. The elments are pairs of icon ‘id’s and the filename of the image. The ‘id’s currently used internally by ‘WebMagick’ are: ‘background’, ‘dirbackground’, ‘prev’, ‘next’, ‘next_grey’, ‘up’, ‘help’, and ‘ball’. These IDs are used as follows:

background

thumbnail frame background image

dirbackground

directory frame background image

prev

link to previous page

next

link to next page

next_gray

link to next page (when there isn’t one)

up

link to parent directory up

help

link to help Readme File (if it exists)

ball

a decorative ball. If no definition exists (array element is left undefined) then the ball is not displayed in preference to unadorned text.

By default the ‘background’ and ‘dirbackground’ options are undefined which results in no background images being defined.

Other images can also be defined in the hash table and WebMagick will automatically process those images along with the images it uses, to generate the icon URL and size infomation. This information can then be used in the various special formating options to add extra, or special purpose links.

An alternative way to define entries (particularly useful in directory ‘.webmagickrc’ files) is to define (or undefine) individual hash table entries.

Use syntax similar to

$opt_icons{'background'} = 'background.gif';

to add a background image to the thumbnail page or override an existing definition.

Use syntax similar to

undef $opt_icons{'background'};

to undefine an existing definition for the image corresponding to ‘background’. This can be useful if the default is to display a background image but you want to turn off the background image for a particular sub-directory tree.

4.2 Index File Base Name

Variable:

$opt_indexname=filename

Argument:

--indexname filename

Base name of the master index files (default server index), usually set to ‘index.html’. This is also the filename WebMagick will look for in sub-directories and parent directory ‘.webmagickrc’ files as the document to make links to.

EG: If a directory is not processed by WebMagick, by either never running WebMagick on that directory, or the option $opt_ignore has been set, then setting $opt_indexname will specify the document WebMagick created index files of OTHER directories should link to.

If you do not want WebMagick to ever link to this directory then setting the $opt_indexname to ‘NOLINK’ will will prevent WebMagick index files in other directories from linking to this directory.

If you want WebMagick to entirely ignore a particular directory tree, even during recursion of the surrounding directories, then you can use the following options in its ‘.webmagickrc’ file:

#
# .webmagickrc -- WebMagick is not to process or even link
# to this directory tree
#
$opt_indexname = 'NOLINK'; # Do not link to this directory
$opt_ignore    = 1;        # Do not generate WebMagick image indexes
$opt_prune     = 1;        # Don't recurse into sub-directories

4.3 Specifying README File Name

Variable:

$opt_readme=filename

Argument:

--readme filename

Name of directory information file (default ‘README.html’). If this file exists in the directory, then it will be displayed in preference to the first page of images and a link will appear in the directory frame which links to the image index. Typically the contents of this file describe the images to be viewed.

4.4 Page Index File Name

Variable:

$opt_pageindexname=string

Argument:

--pageindexname string

Base name of page-related index files (default ‘.index’). This name is used as the prefix for all generated files except for the main index file. The default naming creates these as hidden files (UNIX convention).

4.5 Specifying Sub-Directory Titles

Variable:

$opt_dirindexname=filename

Argument:

--dirindexname filename

Specify the file name to contain the directory-name to title cross-reference for naming sub-directories (default file name ‘.dirindex’). If this file exists, then dirtext will replace dirname if dirname is found in the file. This provides the ability to use user-specified text rather than actual sub-directory names. The order specified by this file is used to sort directory names. If an entry for a directory is not in this file, then that directory name is sorted alphbetically with relation to the other directory names.

The format of the file is:

dirname dirtext

With dirname representing the directory name and dirtext representing the replacement link text.

It is wise to limit the length of dirtext to fit within the limitations of the directory frame.

5 Server-Side Imagemaps

5.1 Imagemap Program

Variable:

$opt_htimage=path

Argument:

--htimage path

Specify imagemap CGI program URL (set to '' for none). Older servers (e.g. CERN and old NCSA) require an external program to handle server-side imagemaps. These programs are usually supplied with a full URL to the referenced file. Newer servers have server-side imagemap support built-in and can accept URLs relative to the current directory. If you have a modern server, then specify this value as a null string (just hit <RETURN> when running the configure script).

5.2 Imagemap Type

Variable:

$opt_maptype=maptype

Argument:

--maptype maptype

Specify server-side map type (set to "ncsa" or "cern"). NCSA and Apache servers require "ncsa". CERN requires "cern". Phttpd can use either format.

NCSA format looks similar to:

default .index1.html
rect scooby1.gif 440,0 549,128

while CERN format looks similar to:

default .index1.html
rect (440,0) (549,128) scooby1.gif

6 Thumbnail Caching

6.1 Enable Caching

Variable:

$opt_cache

Argument:

--cache

Enable thumbnail caching. This is good for a 5X reduction in processing time when a single image is added or removed from a directory since thumbnails are cached in reduced form.

As an added benefit, WebMagick can share its cache with John Bradley’s xv image manipulation program (Visual Schnauzer feature) if configuration values are set as follows:

$opt_cacheformat= 'P7';
$opt_cachegeom  = 80x60;
$opt_cachedir   = '.xvpics';

Sharing the cache with xv is only feasable if all of the images being cached are compatable with xv (ImageMagick supports many more formats than xv). A further drawback of sharing the cache with xv is that xv is limited to thumbnails with a geometry of 80x60 which may be small for your tastes (I prefer larger).

6.2 Cache Directory

Variable:

$opt_cachedir=dirspec

Argument:

--cachedir dirspec

Specify subdirectory name to cache thumbnails in (default ‘.cache’).

6.3 Cache Thumbnail Format

Variable:

$opt_cacheformat=imageformat

Argument:

--cacheformat imageformat

Specify the format that cached thumbnails are saved in. Can be any format that ImageMagick knows how to read and write. The default is ’JPEG’ which works well for photorealistic images.

6.4 Cache Thumbnail Geometry

Variable:

$opt_cachegeom=geometry

Argument:

--cachegeom geometry

Specifies the geometry specification for cached thumbnails. The default is to use the value specified by $opt_thumbgeometry (). If a smaller value is used, there will be more unused space around the montaged thumbnails. Use of a larger value than the thubnail geometry is to be avoided because the cached thumbnail will still have to be reduced for the montage, costing both time and thumbnail quality.

6.5 Cache Minimum Image Size

Variable:

$opt_cachemin=minsize

Argument:

--cachemin minsize

Specifies the original Image size (in total pixels) over which caching will be used. For images smaller than this size, WebMagick will use the original image in the Montage and no thumbnail will be cached. The default value is 60,000 which is equivalent to a 300 x 200 image.

Selecting a value for this option is a judgement call based on space vs time. If a small value is selected, the initial run will be slower and more disk space will be consumed by thumbnails. However, subsequent updates should be faster since more thumbnails are already reduced. If a large value is selected, then less disk space will be consumed, the first pass will be faster, and subsequent passes will be slower.

7 Montage Options

7.1 The Anatomy Of A Montage

7.1.1 Montage Layout

A montage is a single image which is composed of thumbnail images layed out in a grid. The size of the montage image is determined by the size of the individual thumbnails and the number of rows and columns in the grid.

The following figure shows a montage consisting of three columns and two rows of thumbnails:

7.1.2 The Anatomy Of A Thumbnail

7.1.2.1 Un-Framed Thumbnails

Un-framed thumbnails consist of four components: the thumbnail image, the thumbnail border, an optional thumbnail shadow, and an optional thumbnail label area.

7.1.2.2 Framed Thumbnails

Framed thumbnails consist of four components: the thumbnail image, the thumbnail frame, the thumbnail border, an optional thumbnail shadow, and an optional thumbnail label area.

7.2 Montage Geometry

The montage geometry specifies the size in rows and columns of the generated thumbnail grid. Since a single montage is displayed per HTML page, after the montage grid is full, a new page is started. The montage geometry combined with the thumbnail geometry determines the total size of the montage image and therefore the size that the user’s web browser must be set to in order to view the entire montage.

Setting the rows to a very large value (large enough that rows x columns exceeds the number of images) results in a single HTML page being generated. The user can then use the browser’s vertical scroll bar to peruse the thumbnails.

7.2.1 Columns

Variable:

$opt_columns=number

Argument:

--columns number

Specify the montage columns (max). This is the maximum number of thumbnail columns allowed per thumbnail row.

7.2.2 Rows

Variable:

$opt_rows=number

Argument:

--rows number

Specify the montage rows (max). This is the maximum number of thumbnail rows allowed per page.

7.3 Montage Image Format

7.3.1 GIF/JPEG Transition Point

Variable:

$opt_maxgif=number

Argument:

--maxgif number

Specify the maximum size of GIF imagemap before trying JPEG (default 30000). This is an optimization which tries to avoid the JPEG conversion step. When indexing true or deep-color images, JPEG usually leads to a smaller montage imagemap file.

Even if a JPEG image is generated, the smaller of the two images is selected for use and the larger one is deleted to save disk space.

7.3.2 Force GIF Format

Variable:

$opt_forcegif=1

Argument:

--forcegif

Force GIF imagemaps to be generated (default off). This avoids the possible generation of JPEG format imagemaps when the GIF file is large (over 30K). The primary reason for using this option is because GIF supports image transparancy while JPEG does not, leading to a possibly more attractive display when using GIF format imagmaps. The drawbacks of forcing GIF format are larger imagemap files (often two or three times the size of JPEG when montaging true or deep-color images) and the limited color depth (256 colors) of the GIF format.

7.4 Montage Colors

7.4.1 Thumbnail Foreground Color

Variable:

$opt_thumbforeground=colorspec

Argument:

--thumbforeground colorspec

Specify the montage foreground color. This color is used as the color for thumbnail label text.

7.4.2 Thumbnail Background Color

Variable:

$opt_thumbbackground=colorspec

Argument:

--thumbbackground colorspec

Specifies the background color that thumbnails are imaged upon.

7.4.3 Thumbnail Transparent Color

Variable:

$opt_thumbtransparent=colorspec

Argument:

--thumbtransparent colorspec

Specify a montage color to set transparent. Usually should be set the same as the background color $opt_colorback () of the imagemap page. GIF format imagemaps use the transparent color directly while JPEG format imagemaps may approximate "transparency" by setting the imagemap background color to the same color used as the background for HTML pages. This approximation becomes less useful for clients with shallow colormaps.

7.4.4 Thumbnail Frame Color

Variable:

$opt_thumbframecolor=colorspec

Argument:

--thumbframecolor colorspec

Specify the thumbnail frame color (only applicable if frames are enabled).

7.4.5 Thumbnail Frame Border Color

Variable:

$opt_thumbframebgcolor=colorspec

Argument:

--thumbframebgcolor colorspec

Specifies the background color within the thumbnail frame. Ignored if there is no frame.

7.4.6 Quantize To Netscape Color Cube

Variable:

$opt_mapnetscape

Argument:

--mapnetscape

Re-map the montage colors to the Netscape 216-color cube. Netscape maps colors to a fixed 216-color cube on PseudoColor color displays. Using this option allows you to ensure that Netscape doesn’t dither or re-map your colors when used with common PseudoColor displays and the images may be smaller. The drawback to using this option is that the color quality will be significantly decreased on True and DirectColor displays or when using browsers that don’t use the 216-color cube technique.

When using image transparency, make sure that the transparent color is selected from one of the 216 "standard" colors or transparency won’t work.

7.5 Thumbnail Imaging

7.5.1 Enable Thumbnail Frame

Variable:

$opt_thumbframe=geometry

Argument:

--thumbframe geometry

Specify the geometry specification for frame to place around thumbnail. If no frame is desired then the string ‘false’ should be specified. The specified geometry values are in addition to the thumbnail geometry. For example, a frame geometry of ‘8x8’ places an 8 pixel frame around the image.

7.5.2 Enable Thumbnail Shadows

Variable:

$opt_thumbshadow=boolean

Argument:

--thumbshadow boolean

Set to string ‘true’ or ‘false’ to control the use of decorative shadows around image thumbnails (or frames if enabled). The default is ‘false’.

7.5.3 Thumbnail Frame Border Width

Variable:

$opt_thumbborderwidth=borderwidth

Specify the border (in pixels) to place between a thumbnail and its surrounding frame. This option only takes effect if thumbnail frames are enabled and the thumbnail geometry specification doesn’t also specify the thumbnail border width.

7.5.4 Thumbnail Background Texture

Variable:

$opt_thumbtexture=texturespec

Argument:

--thumbtexture texturespec

Specify a texture to use as montage background. The built-in textures ‘granite:’ and ‘plasma:’ are available. A texture is the same as a background image. For example:

Granite texture:

$opt_thumbtexture='granite:';

Plasma texture:

$opt_thumbtexture='plasma:blue-yellow';

Image file texture:

$opt_thumbtexture='vibrant.gif';

7.5.5 Thumbnail Geometry

Variable:

$opt_thumbgeometry=geometry

Argument:

--thumbgeometry geometry

Specify image thumbnail geometry. Thumbnail geometry is specifed in the form:

 <width>x<height>+<borderwidth>+<borderheight>{!}{<}{>}

Specify the size and scaling options for thumbnail images (default ‘106x80+2+2>’).

The following description is extracted verbatim from the montage manual page regarding the treatment of this option:

By default, the width and height are maximum values. That is, the image is expanded or contracted to fit the width and height value while maintaining the aspect ratio of the image. Append an exclamation point to the geometry to force the image size to exactly the size you specify. For example, if you specify 640x480! the image width is set to 640 pixels and height to 480. If only one factor is specified, both the width and height assume the value.

Use ‘>’ to change the dimensions of the image only if its size exceeds the geometry specification. Use ‘<’ to resize the image only if its dimensions is less than the geometry specification. For example, if you specify ‘640x480>’ and the image size is 512x512, the image size does not change. However, if the image is 1024x1024, it is resized to 640x480.

Each image is surrounded by a border whose size in pixels is specified as <border width> and <border height> and whose color is the background color.

7.5.6 Thumbnail Gravity

Variable:

$opt_thumbgravity=direction

Argument:

--thumbgravity direction

Specify the thumbnail positioning within the specified geometry ($opt_thumbgeometry area. If the thumbnail is smaller in any dimension than the geometry, then it will be placed according to this specification. Available options are NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, East SouthWest, South, and SouthEast. Just as with a map (at least those in the northern hemisphere) North is up and West is left. The default is Center so that thumbnails are centered in their grid.

7.5.7 Thumbnail Composition Algorithm

Variable:

$opt_thumbcompose=operation

Argument:

--thumbcompose operation

Specify the image composition algorithm for thumbnails. This controls the algorithm by which the thumbnail image is placed on the background. Available options are (default Replace): Over, In, Out, Atop, Xor, Plus, Minus, Add, Subtract, Difference, Bumpmap, Replace, MatteReplace, Mask, Blend, and Displace. Use of Over is recommended for use with images that have transparency. This option may have negative side-effects for images without transparency.

7.5.8 Thumbnail Zoom Filter

Variable:

$opt_zoomfilter=filtertype

Argument:

--zoomfilter filtertype

Select the filter algorithm to use for image zooms (reductions & enlargements). The available values are Box, Triangle, and Mitchell. The algorithms have a significant effect on processing time and may have a perceptible effect on image quality. Images zoomed via the Box algorithm will have the lowest quality (unsuitable for further processing) and will zoom the fastest. Images zoomed via the Triangle algorithm usually have sufficient quality that it takes careful inspection to detect differences from the best algorithm.

The Triangle algorithm is almost as fast as the Box algorithm so there is little need to use the Box algorithm. The Mitchell algorithm produces the best possible results (preserving fine details) but with a 40% (or so) speed penalty overall as compared with the Triangle algorithm. If speed is not important for your application, and end-users are likely to be using deep-color displays, then by all means choose the Mitchell algorithm because if you choose a lesser agorithm, you will never know what you are missing.

7.6 Thumbnail Label Options

7.6.1 Thumbnail Labels

Variable:

$opt_imgindexname=filename

Argument:

--imgindexname filename

Specify the filename for the image name to thumbnail-title cross-reference for images (default ‘.imgindex’). If this file exists, then labelformat will replace imagename if imagename is found in the file. This provides the ability to use user-specified label text rather than the default provided by $opt_thumblabel. See the description of $opt_thumblabel or the montage(1) manual page for information on the label format. The order specified by this file is used to sort image names. If an entry for an image is not in this file, then that image name is sorted alphbetically with relation to the other image names.

The format of the image index file consists of an image name followed by an image label. The image name and the image label are delimited by white space which may be one or more space or tab characters as shown in the following example:

mr2-91ev.jpg	'91 Front
mr2-91re.jpg	'91 Back
mr2-91si.jpg	'91 Side

7.6.2 Thumbnail Label Format

Variable:

$opt_thumblabel=format

Argument:

--thumblabel format

Specifies the default format of thumbnail labels. The image filename, type, width, height, or scene number in the label by embedding special format characters. Embed ‘%f’ for filename, ‘%d’ for directory, ‘%e’ for filename extention, ‘%t’ for top of filename, ‘%m’ for magick, ‘%w’ for width, ‘%h’ for height, ‘%s’ for scene number, ‘%b’ for file size, or ‘\n’ for newline. For example,

    -label "%m:%f %wx%h"

produces an image label of ‘MIFF:bird.miff 512x480’ for an image titled ‘bird.miff’ and whose width is 512 and height is 480. (This explanation borrowed from montage manual page). If a label is not desired, then use the argument "label" to turn off this feature.

The default format is ‘%f\n%wx%h %b’ which displays the filename over the image geometry followed by image size.

See the $opt_imgindexname option for a description of a more powerful per-image labeling mechanism.

When $opt_cache is enabled, a number of labeling features will not work correctly since they may refer to characteristics of the cached thumbnail rather than the original image.

The labels which are supported when caching is enabled are:

%b

(file size)

%f

(full filename)

%h

(height)

%m

(magick)

%n

(filename minus extension)

%w

(width)

7.6.3 Thumbnail Label Width

Variable:

$opt_thumblabelwidth=labelwidth

Argument:

--thumblabelwidth labelwidth

Specify the maximum column width (in characters) of label text. Label text longer than this is truncated to the specified width. The purpose of this is to ensure that the label is not munged due to excessive length.

7.6.4 Thumbnail Label Font

Variable:

$opt_thumbfont=fontspec

Argument:

--thumbfont fontspec

Specify the thumbnail title font. This is the X11 font used to title thumbnails (default 5x8). PERL’s newgetopt module seems to have difficulties with the dashes in most X11 font specifications. If ’getopt’ prints the usage message rather than doing what you want to, then try using the command line syntax --thumbfont=fontspec and you should have better luck.

7.7 Thumbnail Processing Hooks

WebMagick provides EMACS-like hooks that can be used to insert additional processing code fragments into the thumbnail generation code.

7.7.1 Read Failure Hook

Variable:

$opt_readfailhook=string

PERL code fragment to evaluate if an original image fails to read during the process of building a thumbnail. Usually this is due to the original image being corrupted. Your mileage may vary.

When the code fragment is executed, the name of the current image is in the variable $imagename. For example:

 $opt_thumbreadfailhook='unlink($imagename)';

removes the image, assuming that it is defective. In the case of images retrieved from the binaries newsgroups this is not a bad assumption.

7.7.2 Thumbnail Post-processing Hook

Variable:

$opt_thumbposthook=string

PERL code fragment to evaluate on the reduced thumbnail before saving it to cache or using it in the montage. The thumbnail image is available via the variable $image. For example:

 $opt_thumbposthook='$status=$image->Sharpen(factor=>40);
   warn $status if "$status"';

applies the PerlMagick Sharpen operation on the thumbnail,

 $opt_thumbposthook='$image->Set(colorspace=>"Gray");
   $status=$image->Quantize();
   warn $status if "$status"';

displays thumbnails in grayscale, and

 $opt_thumbposthook='$image->Set(colorspace=>"Gray");
   $status=$image->Quantize();
   warn $status if "$status";
   $status=$image->Emboss();
   warn $status if "$status"';

displays embossed thumbnails.

See the PerlMagick documentation for the many other operations which may be applied to an image.

7.7.3 Thumbnail Pre-Processing Hook

Variable:

$opt_thumbprehook=string

PERL code fragment to evaluate on the original image in memory prior to reducing it into a thumbnail. The image is available via the variable $image. For example:

 $opt_thumbprehook='$status=$image->Blur(factor=>80);
 warn $status if "$status"';

applies the PerlMagick Blur operation on the image. See the PerlMagick documentation for the many operations which may be applied to an image.

8 HTML Options

8.1 HTML Content

8.1.1 Allow Configuration

Variable:

$opt_allowconfig=1

Argument:

--allowconfig

Available only when also using $opt_javascript and $opt_tables, Allow Configuration gives the user the option to select their own frame style and number of rows and columns for the table. There will be an icon in the directory frame that will pop-up a new window which includes pictures of the available frame styles.

This configuration is accomplished with cookies. If the user has cookies disabled in their browser, their configuration will not be saved.

When a configuration is saved, it will be applied to all directories at or below $opt_prefixpath. For example, if $opt_prefixpath is empty (the default), the configuration will apply to all directories on the site.

8.1.2 JavaScript Mode

Variable:

$opt_javascript=1

Argument:

--javascript

When JavaScript mode is enabled, JavaScript code is added to the main index file (default ‘index.html’) to re-set the location to the JavaScript index file (currently hard-coded as ‘indexjs.html’). This results in JavaScript being loaded into the browser automatically if JavaScript is supported by the browser and the browser is one that WebMagick supports (currently Netscape 3.0X, Netscape 4.0X, and Internet Explorer 4.0X). Browsers that do not support JavaScript, have JavaScript disabled, or are not recognized by WebMagick safely ignore the JavaScript and operate directly from WebMagick’s usual HTML files.

The advantage of JavaScript mode is that other than retrieving a few intial files and the images to be viewed, all HTML is generated directly within the user’s browser, minimizing server accesses. In addition, navigation and presentation are dramatically improved since there is no need to pre-compute every possible viewing option and JavaScript has better control and knowledge of the browser than HTML does.

In order for JavaScript mode to operate correctly, the file ‘webmagick.js’ must be installed in the location specified by $opt_iconpath () and the server must be updated to associate MIME type ‘application/x-javascript’ with the extension ‘.js’. Read your web server’s documentation to see what is required in order to add new MIME types (if the type is not already supported).

Apache server: Update ‘conf/mime.types’ and add the line

application/x-javascript        js

CERN or W3 server: Update ‘config/httpd.conf’ and add the line

AddType .js application/x-javascript 8bit

Phttpd: Update ‘modules/file.conf’ and add the following to the content-types list

        .js             application/x-javascript

8.1.3 Table Mode

Variable:

$opt_tables=1

Argument:

--tables

Use HTML tables instead of imagemaps for displaying thumbnails. This results in quicker navigation because smaller images are downloaded, and quicker directory processing, since no montages are created.

This option is available with or without JavaScript mode enabled.

8.1.4 README File Treatment

Variable:

$opt_readmevisible=1

Argument:

--readmevisible

Specify the handling of a README file. If the file designated by $opt_readme exists (default ‘README.html’) then make it the first page seen when the user enters a directory. Regardless of this option, the help icon will appear if the README file exists which is a link to the file.

8.1.5 Address Information

Variable:

$opt_address=string

Argument:

--address string

Specify additional information to place in <ADDRESS></ADDRESS> tags in page frame. WebMagick copyright and support information is placed on all generated pages.

8.1.6 Anonymize

Variable:

$opt_anonymous

Argument:

--anonymous

Turn off the WebMagick copyright info and author’s address on all generated pages. If you are operating a site that my mother wouldn’t approve of, please use this option.

8.1.7 Page Header

Variable:

$opt_header=string

Argument:

--header string

Specify text to add to the page header in the thumbnail frame (a short term hack). This option is subject to change and will be eliminated if the thumbnail frame is templatized.

8.1.8 Page Title

Variable:

$opt_title=string

Argument:

--title string

Specify the page title. If this option is not specified, then WebMagick will generate its own title in the form ’Index of directory "subdirectory name"’.

8.1.9 Stylesheet

Variable:

$opt_stylesheet=URL

Argument:

--stylesheet URL

Specify a style sheet to use for all generated pages. This will override the following options:

• $opt_colorfore ()
• $opt_colorback ()
• $opt_dircolorfore ()
• $opt_dircolorback ()
• $opt_coloralink ()
• $opt_colorlink ()
• $opt_colorvlink ()
• $opt_dircoloralink ()
• $opt_dircolorlink ()
• $opt_dircolorvlink ()

8.1.10 Directory Page Template (No Frames)

Variable:

$opt_dirfmt=string

Specify a template (written in PERL) that represents the format used to generate the frame-less directory navigation page. This format will be seen by browsers that do not support frames. This is a guru-level option that may require reading WebMagick code.

8.1.11 Directory Page Template (Framed)

Variable:

$opt_frameddirfmt=string

Specify a template (written in PERL) that represents the format used to generate the framed (left frame) directory navigation page. This format will be seen by browsers that support frames. This is a guru-level option that may require reading WebMagick code.

8.1.12 Per-Image HTML

When per-image HTML mode is enabled, an HTML file is generated corresponding to each image. The HTML file is named based on the image file name with an HTML extension.

8.1.12.1 Enable Per-image HTML

Variable:

$opt_pichtml=1

Argument:

--pichtml

Enable per-image HTML file generation.

8.1.12.2 Per-image HTML extension

Variable:

$opt_pichtmlext='.ext'

Argument:

--pichtmlext extention

Set the file extension to use for per-image HTML files. The final name is the image file name appended with this file extension. The default extension is ’.html’.

8.1.12.3 Per-image HTML Nav Buttons

Variable:

$opt_pichtmlnav

Argument:

--pichtmlnav

Enable image navigation buttons (up, previous, next) on per-image HTML files.

8.1.12.4 Per-image Picture Title

Variable:

$opt_pichtmlputtitle

Argument:

--pichtmlputtitle

Enable per-image HTML picture titles. Default is on.

8.1.12.5 Per-image Picture Title Start HTML

Variable:

$opt_pichtmltitlestart

Argument:

--pichtmltitlestart

HTML to add before picture title (default is <P>)

8.1.12.6 Per-image Picture Title End HTML

Variable:

$opt_pichtmltitleend

Argument:

--pichtmltitleend

HTML to add after picture title (default is </P>)

8.1.12.7 Default Frame Target

Variable:

$opt_pichtmltarget='targetname';

Argument:

--pichtmltarget target_name

Set the default URL target name for links in per-image HTML files. There is normally no need to set this target because HTML is normally displayed in the current frame and there are no links by default, however, sometimes it is desirable for links to display in a different (or new) window.

8.1.12.8 Extra Top HTML

Variable:

$opt_pichtmltop='html_source';

Argument:

--pichtmltop 'html_source'

Extra HTML to insert above the image.

8.1.12.9 Extra Bottom HTML

Variable:

$opt_pichtmlbottom='html_source';

Argument:

--pichtmlbottom 'html_source'

Extra HTML to insert below the image.

8.2 Text Colors

8.2.1 Thumbnail Frame Background Color

Variable:

$opt_colorback=colorspec

Argument:

--colorback colorspec

Specify the background color for thumbnail frame.

8.2.2 Thumbnail Frame Text Foreground Color

Variable:

$opt_colorfore=colorspec

Argument:

--colorfore colorspec

Specify the toreground color for text in thumbnail frame.

8.2.3 Directory Frame Text Color

Variable:

$opt_dircolorfore=colorspec

Argument:

--dircolorfore colorspec

Specify the foreground text color of the directory frame. Defaults to the value of $opt_colorfore () if not explicitly set.

8.2.4 Directory Frame Background Color

Variable:

$opt_dircolorback=colorspec

Argument:

--dircolorback colorspec

Specify the background color of the directory frame. Defaults to the value of $opt_colorback () if not explicitly set.

8.3 HTML Link Colors

8.3.1 Thumbnail Frame Active Link Color

Variable:

$opt_coloralink=colorspec

Argument:

--coloralink colorspec

Specify the link (active) color for the thumbnail frame.

8.3.2 Thumbnail Frame Un-visited Link Color

Variable:

$opt_colorlink=colorspec

Argument:

--colorlink colorspec

Specify link (unvisited) color for the thumbnail frame.

8.3.3 Thumbnail Frame Visited Link Color

Variable:

$opt_colorvlink=colorspec

Argument:

--colorvlink colorspec

Specify link (visited) color for the thumbnail frame.

8.3.4 Directory Frame Active Link Color

Variable:

$opt_dircoloralink=colorspec

Argument:

--dircoloralink colorspec

Specify link (active) color for the directory frame. Defaults to value of $opt_coloralink ()if not explicitly set.

8.3.5 Directory Frame Un-Visited Color

Variable:

$opt_dircolorlink=colorspec

Argument:

--dircolorlink colorspec

Specify link (unvisited) color for the directory frame. Defaults to the value of $opt_colorlink () if not explicitly set.

8.3.6 Directory Frame Visited Color

Variable:

$opt_dircolorvlink=colorspec

Argument:

--dircolorvlink colorspec

Specify link (visited) color for the directory frame. Defaults to value of $opt_colorvlink () if not explicitly set.

8.4 Frame Options

8.4.1 Enable Frames

Variable:

$opt_frames=1

Argument:

--[no]frames

Enable frames. This defaults to on, but is useful to turn off if you have a single directory collection.

8.4.2 Enable Frame Borders

Variable:

$opt_frameborder=borderenable

Argument:

--frameborder borderenable

Enable decorative frame borders with the value ‘YES’ or disable decorative frame borders by specifying the value ‘NO’. These options are passed directly to the HTML’s FRAMESET ‘FRAMEBORDER’ option in the generated pages.

8.4.3 Frame Border Thickness

Variable:

$opt_framebordersize=bordersize

Argument:

--framebordersize bordersize

Specifies the number of pixels allocated to the frame border.

8.4.4 Frame Margin Height

Variable:

$opt_framemarginheight=marginheight

Argument:

--framemarginheight marginheight

Specifies the number of pixels allocated to the frame margin in the vertical direction.

8.4.5 Frame Margin Width

Variable:

$opt_framemarginwidth=marginwidth

Argument:

--framemarginwidth marginwidth

Specifies the number of pixels allocated to the frame margin in the horizontal direction.

8.4.6 Frame Style

Variable:

$opt_framestyle=framestyle

Argument:

--framestyle framestyle

Specifies the frame template to use. Templates are currently specified for the range of 1-4 with the following effect:

1. Simple two frame screen with directories listed in the left frame and imagemap or ‘README’ displayed in the right frame.
   
2. Three frame screen with directories listed in top-left frame, imagemap displayed in bottom-left frame, and ‘README/Images’ displayed in full-height right-hand frame.
   
3. Three frame screen with directories listed in left frame, imagemap displayed in top-right frame, and ‘README/Images’ displayed in lower-right frame.
   
4. Three frame screen with directories listed in lower-left frame, imagemap displayed in top frame, and ‘README/Images’ displayed in lower-right frame.
   

8.5 HTML Meta Tags

8.5.1 Meta-Tag Author

Variable:

$opt_metaauthor=string

Specify author name to add to the HTML meta tags in generated HTML files.

8.5.2 Meta-Tag Charset

Variable:

$opt_metacharset=string

Specify HTML documents character set in case HTTPD can’t provide it.

8.5.3 Meta-Tag Classification

Variable:

$opt_metaclassification=string

Specify any classification information to add to the HTML meta tags in generated HTML files. This may be used by indexing robots.

8.5.4 Meta-Tag Description

Variable:

$opt_metadescription=string

Specify page description text to add to the HTML meta tags in generated HTML files. This information may used by indexing robots.

8.5.5 Meta-Tag Expires

Variable:

$opt_metaexpires=string

Page expiration date to add to the HTML meta tags in generated HTML files. Should be specified in the form:

	"Tue, 20 Aug 1996 14:25:27 GMT"

Since the specified expiration time is absolute, use of this option implies a commitment to execute WebMagick with option --forcehtml as least as often as the specified expiration period.

This information is used by browsers and caching servers to determine when cached data becomes stale.

8.5.6 Meta-Tag Key-Words

Variable:

$opt_metakeywords=string

Specify keywords to add to the HTML meta tags in generated HTML files. Should be specified as a string with keywords delimited by a comma (e.g. "key1,key2,key3"). This information may used by indexing robots.

9 String Customization

Use the following variables to override the strings that WebMagick displays.

Variable:

$opt_msg_copyright = "Copyright "

Variable:

$opt_date_format = "%B %e, %Y" (see strftime(3))

Variable:

$opt_msg_directories = "Directories"

Variable:

$opt_msg_directory_navigator = "Directory Navigator"

Variable:

$opt_msg_images = "Images"

Variable:

$opt_msg_index_of_directory = "Index of directory"

Variable:

$opt_msg_index_of_files = "Index of files "

Variable:

$opt_msg_index_through = "through"

Variable:

$opt_msg_next = "Next"

Variable:

$opt_msg_page_navigator = "Page Navigator"

Variable:

$opt_msg_page_updated_on = "Page update on"

Variable:

$opt_msg_prev = "Prev"

Variable:

$opt_msg_produced_by = "Produced by"

Variable:

$opt_msg_readme = "ReadMe"

Variable:

$opt_msg_up = "Up"

10 Authors

WebMagick is currently maintained by Chris Lindell. It was written by Bob Friesenhahn with copious input from Anthony Thyssen. Anthony’s diligent assistance as the first alpha tester is very much appreciated. Patches to support per-image HTML files and other usability enhancements were contributed by Andrey A. Chernov.

ImageMagick and PerlMagick are written by John Cristy. WebMagick would not be possible without his wonderful software. The author greatly appreciates Cristy’s assistance with ironing out PerlMagick’s (or WebMagick’s) bugs and feature set during the development of WebMagick.

11 Obtaining WebMagick

The following packages are required in order to install WebMagick. Retrieve each package and install according to the following order:

1. PERL version 5
2. ImageMagick
3. PerlMagick
4. WebMagick

Each package provides its own installation instructions. Please follow them carefully.

12 Installing WebMagick

12.1 Basic Installation

Execute the provided configure script specifying a ‘--prefix’ option for a GNU-style directory heriarchy you would like to install in (e.g. ‘./configure --prefix=/opt/tools’). This will generate a base copy of WebMagick that has been edited to reflect the location of your PERL interpreter and the X11 RGB database.

The configure script will ask you questions to provide definitions of $opt_prefixpath, $opt_rootpath, $opt_iconpath, $opt_htimage and $opt_maptype in the webmagick script and the sample ‘webmagickrc’ file. Read the Introduction section of this manual to learn the details. A few examples are provided below. The script provides a running narrative with examples so it should not be necessary to read much documentation before running it.

Then execute make install. This will install WebMagick, sample icons, the WebMagick JavaScript interface, and TexInfo documentation. The WebMagick icons must be installed in a directory somewhere under the same server "root" as the images you want to catalogue. This root does not neccessarily have to be the actual server root. The "root" may be established via a server path mapping (rather than symbolic link) that offsets onto another filesystem.

In order for JavaScript mode to operate correctly, the file ‘webmagick.js’ must be installed in the location specified by $opt_iconpath and the server must be updated to associate MIME type ‘application/x-javascript’ with the extension ‘.js’. This file contains the various JavaScript routines that define WebMagick’s JavaScript interface. See the formal documentation for more on JavaScript.

12.2 Installation Names

By default, ‘make install’ will install the package’s files in ‘/usr/local/bin’, ‘/usr/local/man’, etc. You can specify an installation prefix other than ‘/usr/local’ by giving configure the option ‘--prefix=path’.

In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give options like ‘--bindir=path’ to specify different values for particular kinds of files. Run ‘configure --help’ for a list of the directories you can set and what kinds of files go in them.

Option Index

Summary index of available WebMagick option variables. Many of these options have command-line equivalents.

Argument Index

Summary index of available WebMagick command-line arguments. All of these arguments have equivalent option variables.